Learn More About Kovar, ASMT F15 and Controlled Expansion Alloys

Learn More About Kovar, ASMT F15 and Controlled Expansion Alloys

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kovar is a nickel-cobalt ferrous alloy designed to be compatible with the thermal expansion characteristics of borosilicate glass (~5×10-6 /K between 30 and 200°C, to ~10×10-6 /K at 800°C) in order to allow direct mechanical connections over a range of temperatures. It finds application in electroplated conductors entering glass envelopes of electronic parts such as vacuum tubes (valves), X-ray and Microwave tubes and some lightbulbs.

The name Kovar is often used as a general term for FeNi alloys with these particular thermal expansion properties. Note the related particular Fe-Ni alloy Invar which exhibits minimum thermal expansion.

Tips for machining Kovar Alloys

 

Typical Composition

given in weight %

Fe Ni Co C Si Mn
balance 29% 17% <0.01% 0.2 % 0.3 %

Properties

Property sintered HIPed
Density / g cm3 8.0 8.35
Hardness / HV1 160 150
Youngs Modulus / GPa 159 159
reduction of area at fracture / % 30 30
yield strength / MPa 270 270
thermal conductivity / W/Km 17
Curie Temperature / °C 435
electrical resistivity Ω mm2 / m 0.49
specific heat J/gK 0.46
thermal expansion coefficient/10-6 K-1 (25 – 200°C) 5.2
(25 – 300°C) 5.1
(25 – 400°C) 4.9
(25 – 450°C) 5.3
(25 – 500°C) 6.2

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